基于DEM的流域特征提取综述

回顾了自DEM出现以来它在流域特征提取方面的应用和发展,论述和比较了提取流域特征的各种方法。包括确定流向的单流向法（D8法、Rho8法、Lea方法、DEMON法以及 D∞法）和多流向法;提取河网的识别谷点法和基于流向提取河网的方法;提取河网过程中洼地和平原区的流向确定、河网提取的方法;划分子流域和提取流域边界线的方法;计算分布式子流域特征的方法,其中重点论述了子流域长度和坡度的计算方法,以及提取控制点所控制的排水区的方法。

THE AUTOMATED EXTRACTION OF CATCHMENT PROPERTIES FROM DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS

The automated methods to extract catchment properties from digital elevation data were described in this paper. They are related to the determination of flow direction in unit grid, the extraction of drainage networks, the extraction of catchment boundary, the treatment of flow directions and theextraction of drainage networks in pits and plat areas, the partition of subcatchment and the calculation of distributed catchment properties. The methods of determining flow direction in unit grid include single direction methods ,such as D8 method, Rho8 method, Lea method, DEMON method and D∞ method, and multitude directions methods. The algorithms of subcatchment properties including subcatchment length and subcatchment slope are different because of the different application. Several algorithms were mentioned in the paper. Also, an example was given about the extraction of catchment controlled by hydrology station. In which the D8 method was used to determine the flow direction of unit grid. And the result was satisfying basically.