中国北方森林群落现代花粉与植被和气候的关系

来自中国北方10 座山地16 个森林群落53 个样点的表土和Tauber 捕捉器花粉研究揭示了中国北方森林群落的花粉组合特征及其与植被和气候的关系。捕捉器花粉组合与表土花粉组合具有较好的相似性, 花粉组合中共有类型80 个, 共有类型花粉百分比占总数的90%以上, 植被中的优势种通常也是花粉组合的主要类型。松林中松花粉浓度和通量均较高, 表明花粉产量与保存能力均较高; 云、冷杉林中云、冷杉花粉通量较低, 但花粉浓度较高, 显示虽然花粉产量较低, 但花粉保存能力较好; 栎林、桦林中, 栎属和桦属花粉通量较高, 但花粉浓度较低, 说明虽然花粉产量较高, 但花粉保存能力较差。花粉与植被关系判别分析表明, 表土样品与捕捉器花粉组合均能较好地反映不同区域森林群落特征及其差异, 但表土样品能 更好地反映植被的优势成分。花粉组合与样点气候因子的DCCA 分析表明, 花粉组合与最冷月温度相关最显著(相关系数: 捕捉器0.84, 表土0.72), 其次为年降水量(相关系数: 捕捉 器0.73, 表土0.71)。

Modern Pollen Assemblages of the Forest Communities and Their Relationships with Vegetation and Climate in Northern China

In this paper,53 pollen traps and surface samples were collected in order to detect the characteristics of pollen assemblages and their relationships with vegetation and climate in 16 forest communities located in 10 mountains in northern China.The results show that 72% of the pollen taxa(80 taxa) are the same between the traps and the surface samples.The dominant taxa in the plant communities are consistent with the main pollen taxa in the pollen assemblages at the same sites.In Pinus plant communities,both Pinus pollen influxes and concentrations are higher,indicating its higher pollen product and good pollen preservation ability.In Picea or Abies plant communities,Picea or Abies have lower pollen influx but high concentrations,suggesting their low pollen productivities but good pollen preservation abilities.In Betula or Quercus plant communities,Betula or Quercus have higher pollen influx but low concentrations,revealing their high pollen productivities but poor pollen preservation abilities.The study of the relationships between pollen and vegetation with discriminant analysis shows that pollen assemblages from both trap and surface samples can reflect the characters of different communities and distinguish different ecological areas,but the surface samples reflect the dominant components of communities much better than the traps.The study on the correlations between pollen assemblages and climate with DCCA reveals that significant correlations exist between pollen assemblages and mean temperature of the coldest month(R = 0.84 for trap samples,R = 0.72 for surface samples),and annual mean precipitation as well(R = 0.73 for trap samples,R = 0.71 for surface samples).