In search of a new ULF wave index: Comparison of Pc5 power with dynamics of geostationary relativistic electrons |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of the Physics of the Earth, Moscow 123995, Russia;2. Space Research Institute, Moscow 117810, Russia;3. Augsburg College, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA;4. Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan;5. Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark;1. University of California, Los Angeles, USA;2. The Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, USA;3. Dartmouth College, Hanover, USA;4. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA;1. Institute of Geophysics, ETH, Zürich, Switzerland;2. Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, USA;3. Division of Geomagnetism, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;1. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via dell’Arcivescovado 8, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;2. Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Via di Vigna Murata 605, 00143 Roma, Italy;1. Museum für Naturkunde Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany;2. Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, D-10099, Germany;3. School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, P.O. Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa;4. Department of Lithospheric Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;5. Natural History Museum, Burgring 7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria;1. Key Laboratory of Seismic Observation and Geophysical Imaging, Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China |
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| Abstract: | A new ULF wave index, characterizing the turbulent level of the geomagnetic field, has been calculated and applied to the analysis of relativistic electron enhancements during space weather events in March–May 1994 and September 1999. This global wave index has been produced from the INTERMAGNET, MACCS, CPMN, and Greenland dense magnetometer arrays in the northern hemisphere. A similar ULF wave index has been calculated using magnetometer data from geostationary (GOES) and interplanetary (Wind, ACE) satellites. During the periods analyzed several magnetic storms occurred, and several significant increases of relativistic electron flux up to 2–3 orders of magnitude were detected by geostationary monitors. However, these electron enhancements were not directly related to the intensity of magnetic storms. Instead, they correlated well with intervals of elevated ULF wave index, caused by the occurrence of intense Pc5 pulsations in the magnetosphere. This comparison confirmed earlier results showing the importance of magnetospheric ULF turbulence in energizing relativistic electrons. In addition to relativistic electron energization, a wide range of space physics and geophysics studies will benefit from the introduction of the ULF wave index. The ULF index database is freely available via anonymous FTP for all interested researchers for further validation and statistical studies. |
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