Groundwater Assessment at Manukan Island,Sabah: Multidisplinary Approaches |
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Authors: | S M Praveena C Y Lin A Z Aris M H Abdullah |
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Institution: | (1) School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia;(2) Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;(3) Water Research Unit, School of Science and Technology, University Malaysia, Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; |
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Abstract: | A rapid increase in the number of tourists has placed a heavy demand for freshwater on Manukan Island, a small island located
offcoast of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Hydrochemical and numerical approaches have been applied in this study to evaluate the groundwater
quality of unconfined aquifer lying in Manukan Island, Sabah, East Malaysia. This is vital to enhance better understanding
about groundwater management. Hydrochemical analysis output indicated NaCl water type in sampling locations. Seawater intrusion
is marked by its relatively high Na+, Mg2+, Cl− and SO4
2− concentrations. Hydrochemical analysis output clearly showed the influence of seawater in groundwater of Manukan Island.
The numerical model output proved the influence of seawater in groundwater of Manukan Island by indicating the upconing process
at the beneath of the pumping well. Current status of seawater intrusion in Manukan Island is about 14.6% of freshwater and
seawater mixing ratio in low lying area of Manukan Island as simulated by SEAWAT-2000 model output. Numerical model SEAWAT-2000
output showed clearly that the upconing process is the possible route of seawater to influence the fresh groundwater aquifer
chemistry in Manukan Island. The results have enhanced the current understanding of seawater intrusion in the study area.
Future studies will focus on using numerical models to simulate and suggest suitable groundwater management plans in Manukan
Island. |
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