湿地的防洪功能分析评价——以东洞庭湖为例

湿地作为生产力最高的土地类型,具有水文、水质、食物链和栖息地等方面的功能以及社会经济价值。其中水文功能主要表现在防洪功能方面,包括调蓄洪水、削减洪峰、滞流和减少侵蚀等。文中通过利用地理信息系统、遥感数据、模拟、统计分析和空间计算等方法,定量分析评价东洞庭湖湿地的防洪功能,提出了湿地防洪功能评价方法。

Analysis and evaluation of flood-control functions of wetland taking Dongting Lake as an example

Wetlands are the most productive ecosysterms which provide functions of hydrology, water quality, food chain and habitats. They also possess social and economic values. Their majar hydrological function is flood control, including flood storage, cutting flood peak down, flood detection, and reducing erosion. In this paper we analyse and estimate quantitatively the flood control functions of the East Dongtinghu Wetland applying GIS, remote sensing data, mathematic simulation, statistical analysis, spacial calculation. The methods for evaluating the flood control functions of wetlands are provided. The area of the East Dongtinghu Wetland occupies 87.9% of the whold East Dongting Lake basin. The water storage occupies 80% of the lake's total. Because of human reclamation and silt deposition, the flood control functions are declining quickly.