GPU-CA模型下的溃坝洪水演进实时模拟与分析

基于元胞自动机(CA)的局部并行计算特性和统一计算设备架构(CUDA)并行计算架构,提出了GPU-CA的溃坝洪水演进计算模型,重点探讨了溃坝洪水演进元胞自动机模型、GPU模型映射、计算优化、CPU/GPU协同的溃坝洪水演进模拟与分析等关键问题,研发了原型系统,并选择了案例进行初步试验。试验结果表明,在保证溃坝洪水演进模拟结果有效性的情况下,与基于CPU-CA串行计算模式相比,基于GPU-CA的溃坝洪水演进模型计算可提高计算效率,加速比随着元胞格网分辨率的提升而增加,当元胞格网的大小为10m时,模型计算效率的加速比可以达到15.9倍,可支持实时溃坝洪水演进模拟分析与风险评估。

Real-time Simulation and Analysis of Dam-break Flood Routing Based on GPU-CA Model

Based on the natural similarity between the parallel computing features of cellular automataand the parallel computing architecture of the CUDA,a dam-break flood routing computing modelbased on GPU-CA is proposed.Key technologies including cellular automata(CA)model of dam-break flood routing,GPU model mapping method,calculation optimization method,and GPU/CPUcollaborative implementation for dam-break flood routing simulation and analysis are discussed in de-tail.Finally,aprototype system was developed and a case study region selected for carrying out a pre-liminary experiment.As compared to the CPU-CA model computing,the experimental results showedthat the dam-break flood routing computing based on GPU-CA model can greatly improve the computing efficiency,and also ensured the validity of the simulation results.Speedup can be improved by in-creasing the cellular grid resolution.When the cellular grid size was 10m,the speedup of model calcu-lation reached 15.9times,which can support real-time simulation analysis and risk assessment fordam-break flood routing.