阻塞高压活动的气候变化及其对中国某些地区旱涝的影响

用１９６５年到１９９０年共２６ａ逐日５００ｈＰａ天气图统计了北半球阻塞高压的活动特征，证实北半球有两个大的活动区。这两个区都有季节和年际变化，总次数有逐年减少趋势。研究了冷暖年份阻塞高压活动的差别，发现与２６ａ平均值相比，暖年次数偏少，冷年偏多，冷暖年之差很显著，在地理分布上有很好的反相关。分析了厄尔尼诺年阻塞高压分布特点，发现厄尔尼诺年乌拉尔山地区阻塞高压较常年显著偏少。内蒙古地区和江淮流域的旱年和多雨年，东半球阻塞高压的地区和数量分布都呈相反趋势。

THE CLIMATE CHANGE OF BLOCKING HIGH ANDTHEIR EFFECTS ON DROUGHT AND FLOODOF SOME REGION OF CHINA

he climate change of blocking high are investigated using thedaily 500 hPa historical synoptic charts from 1965 to 1990.It is found that there are two blocking high active regions in Northern Hemisphere.The number of blocking high had a decrease trend form 1965 to 1990.The frequency of blocking high decreased some that when the hemispheric temperature was higher than the normal.and that of blocking high increased in the cold year.The regional distribution of blocking high for the two typical years has an obviously inverse relationship.There was a large negative anomaly center at the Ural mountains for ENSO year.The illverse distribution of blocking high had been found in the drought years and flood years of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The same relationship was discoverd for Changjiang River and Huaihe Valley.