精密激光准直若干问题的探讨

精密激光准直在工程测量工作中应用日益广泛。为了合理地、有效地应用这个方法,提高其准直精度,需要对它作进一步的研究和分析。本文推导了圆形波带板的成象公式,分析了它的成象规律,得出如何合理地设计波带板的初步看法。同时,文章也对大气折光影响做了较为详细的分析,提出了减弱其影响的措施以及改善探测器设计的方案。

The Approach to some Problems Concering Precision Laser Alignment

Owing to the increasing use of laser alignment technique in engineering surveying,the problems of how to utilize it properly and to improve its precision have been raised.Further study of laser alignment is necessary.This paper deals with three major problems,the circular zone plate,the atmospheric effect and the detection of laser beam.Having derived the formulae to compute the intensity of the image formed by a circular zone plate,the author has come to the preliminary conclusion that a circular zone plate with 5-7 clear zones and opaque central zone is considered most suitable in practice and by properly designing zone plate,the number of the plates used on an aligned line can be minimized.Then atmospheric refraction and air turbulence causing random deflections are discussed in the paper,for they impose restrictions on alignment accuracy,The effect of atmospheric refraction is mathematically analyzed,some measures to reduce the effect are introduced and the design of the detector is discussed.