西藏羌塘盆地的深部构造与含油气远景评价

羌塘盆地是目前国内石油勘探的热点地区之一,作者综合研究了羌塘盆地的地球物理、石油地质调查资料及INDEPTH-3深部调查结果,得出:1, 盆地内烃源层、储集层、盖层及其组合条件很好, 局部构造发育,有利于形成和保存油气藏,断裂不会成为致命问题,提出了今后工作的主要目的层为上三叠世-中侏罗系组成的中构造层;2,对盆地二级构造作了新的划分,否定羌中隆起,提出盆地表层的主要构造方向为北西-南东向,成“三凹三隆”及“一深凹”的地壳结构特征,其中主沉降带内部及其两侧是最有利的找油气远景地带;3,本区壳幔之间的相互作用较强,盆地北部火山及热活动多,对油气远景评价有较大影响,而盆地南部沉积厚度大,受深层热影响相对较小,是找油气的更有利的地段。4,强调查明深部地层物性、油气赋存状况,烃类物质的来源和上下构造符合情况是当务之急。重点是加强点上的调查和评价研究;5,提出不能轻视伦坡拉陆相第三系盆地找油前景,它可能汇聚有两侧海相地层的油气。

The deep structures and oil-gas prospect evaluation in the Qiangtang Basin, Tibet

The Qiantang Basin is now one of the topics of general interest in petroleum exploration in China. This paper reports a comprehensive study of geophysical and geological survey data recently obtained in this area and, combined with INDEPTH-3 deep survey results, comes to the following conclusions: 1) The hydrocarbon source formations, reservoirs, and overlying strata and their association within the basin are quite good, local structures are developed, and, therefore, the region is favorable for forming and preserving oil and gas accumulations. Faults are not a fatal problem. The future main target strata are the middle-deep structural strata composed of Upper-Triassic and middle Jurassic rocks; 2) A new classification has been made for second-order tectonic sequences inside the basin to disavow the central Qingtang uplift. It is noted that the main structures at the surface are orientated NW-SE and the crustal structure can be described as three depressions, three risees, and one deep depression, of which the prospective zone with the most potential is the inner main subsided belt and its two sides; 3) Comparatively intensive interaction between the crust and mantle and volcanic and thermal activities in the northern basin play a very important role in petroleum evaluation. The southern deeper sedimentation and less thermal activity make this area a more perfect zone for oil exploration; 4) Currently, the most important objective is determining the physical properties of the deep strata, the status of oil and gas accumulations, the source of the hydrocarbons, and the relationship between the upper and lower structures; and 5) The Lunpola Tertiary basin may be favorable for oil accumulations because petroleum may migrate from marine strata on two sides.