Wind set-up of water level in a river

The wind set-up of water level in a river is of great importance in many practical cases, notably in the river mouth section where the slope of the free water table is very small (sometimes 10⁻⁵) and the wind shear stress acting at the water surface generates significant changes in the vertical velocity profile. If the wind is blowing opposite to the main flow, an increase of water depth is observed. In the outlet area, the increase of water depth can reach up to 0.5 m (Lower Odra River). The paper presents an analysis of wind set-up of water level based on hydrodynamic principles.