青藏高原春季不同地区臭氧和大气温度变化趋势的差异性

利用1979—2018年太阳后向散射紫外辐射计SBUV(/2)星下点臭氧遥感资料,结合ERA-Interim和MERRA-2大气温度再分析资料,考察青藏高原区域内拉萨和共和两地春季臭氧和大气温度变化趋势的差异性。结果表明拉萨和共和两个地区的臭氧和大气温度逆转趋势均发生于1999年。对比2008年以来青藏高原整体臭氧总量变化速率（4.5 DU/(10 a)),拉萨臭氧总量变化更快,为5.9 DU/(10 a),共和相对较慢,仅为3.7 DU/(10 a);同时,1999年以来拉萨和共和春季下平流层（100~30 hPa）大气温度分别以0.5~1.4℃/(10 a)和0.01~0.9℃/(10 a)速率增加,上对流层(250~175 hPa)大气温度分别以0.2~1.5℃/(10 a)和0.2~1.2℃/(10 a)速率降低。与2008年以来高原整体大气温度变化相比较,均慢于高原下平流层（125~70 hPa) 1~2℃/(10 a)的增温速率,快于高原上对流层（225~175 hPa）0.4~1.1℃/(10 a)的降温速率。两地臭氧与大气温度的相关系数和回归系数计算结果表明,拉萨和共和两个地区1999年以来春季臭氧恢复速率的不同是导致两地同期下平流层-上对流层温度逆转速率差异的重要因子之一。

The differences in the trends of ozone and atmospheric temperature in spring over the Tibetan Plateau

Based on the ozone remote sensing data of SBUV(/2), combined with ERA-Interim and MERRA-2 reanalysis data, the trends of ozone and atmospheric temperature in Lhasa and Gonghe were investigated in spring during 1979-2018. The results show that the reversal trend of ozone and atmospheric temperature in Lhasa and Gonghe both occurred in 1999. Compared with the overall ozone changing rate of the Tibetan Plateau after 2008 (4.5 DU/(10 a)), the rate of Lhasa is faster, which is 5.9 DU/(10 a), and the rate of Gonghe is relatively slow, which is 3.7 DU/(10 a). Since 1999, the atmospheric temperature in the lower stratosphere (100-30 hPa) in Lhasa and Gonghe in spring have increased with the rates of 0.5-1.4℃/(10 a) and 0.01-0.9℃/(10 a), respectively, while the atmospheric temperature in the upper troposphere (250-175 hPa) have decreased with the rates of 0.2-1.5℃/(10 a) and 0.2-1.2℃/(10 a), respectively. Compared with the overall atmospheric temperature change of the plateau in 2008, the temperature increase rate is slower than that of the lower stratosphere (125-70 hPa, 1-2℃/(10 a)), and faster than that of the upper troposphere (225-175 hPa, 0.4-1.1℃/(10 a)). In view of the correlation coefficient and regression coefficient between the temperature and ozone, the different recovery rates of ozone in Lhasa and Gonghe in spring after 1999 may lead to the different rates of stratospheric-tropospheric temperature reversal in the same period.