城市青年群体住房产权获得的区域差异——以上海和南京为例

从城市异质性视角，以一线城市上海和二线城市南京为例，基于2013年长三角地区社会变迁调查和南京市住房调查数据，利用Logistic模型，剖析了两地青年住房产权获得的影响因素及其差异。研究发现，两个城市青年住房产权获得的影响因素存在较大差异。与南京相比，上海青年居民的住房获得存在更大的区位和制度壁垒，受城市区位、户口、制度因素影响更大，而受教育水平、工作流动性等市场因素以及年龄、是否育有子女等生命历程因素的影响较小。上海，作为一线城市，户口制度仍然处于精准严控阶段，落户门槛相对较高，另外住房价格高企，上海的青年群体在住房产权获得中同时面临着制度层面和市场层面的双重严苛考验。而在二线城市南京，户口政策相对较为宽松，青年群体的住房产权获得所面临的制度性障碍较小，而市场因素更加主导。

Regional Differences in Access to Homeownership for China's Young Generation: A Case Study of Shanghai and Nanjing

Homeownership crucially affects the quality of life of residents and the social stability of society. Therefore, access to homeownership has been extensively studied in the fields of housing studies, human geography, and sociology. In recent years, with the rapid rise in housing prices, China's young generation has been facing obstacles in accessing homeownership, which has attracted considerable attention from the media and scholars. Most of the existing literature centers on the debate of the "market transition theory" and "power persistence hypothesis", which focus on the impacts of market and institutional factors on homeownership acquisition. However, limited attention has been paid to regional variations in the influencing factors. There are widening differences in housing prices, housing purchase regulations, and demographic structures between cities and regions, which may result in variegated effects on the young generation's access to homeownership. To fill this gap in literature, this paper re-visits the "market transition theory" and "power persistence hypothesis" by comparing Shanghai and Nanjing, which are first-tier and second-tier cities, respectively, within the Yangtze River Delta. Based on the Yangtze River Delta Social Transformation Survey and Nanjing Housing Survey in 2013 and employing logistic regressions, this study investigates the factors that affect the young generation's housing tenure and the differences between the two cities. The results show that there are greater location differences within the city and more institutional barriers compared to Nanjing. The young generation's access to homeownership in Shanghai is associated closely with residential location, hukou status, and being a communist party member working in the public sector. In contrast, market factors such as educational attainment, job mobility, and demographic factors, including age and whether one is a parent, exert relatively little influence in Shanghai, but have significant influence in Nanjing. This study contributes to deepening our understanding of the regional variations in factors that influence homeownership acquisition among China's young generation. Furthermore, it sheds light on the implementation of the "different policies for different cities" strategy and the establishment of a long-term effective regulation system for the real estate market.