环境因素对兴-贝型多年冻土分布与发育的影响

兴安岭-贝加尔（兴-贝）型多年冻土处于欧亚大陆高纬度多年冻土南缘，对气候变化和人类活动较为敏感。为了研究多年冻土变化规律以及预测其未来变化趋势，从环境因素对多年冻土的影响以及多年冻土与环境的相互作用两个方面出发，围绕地带性因素（纬度、高度、经度）和非地带因素（气温、植被、降水、积雪等）两大类环境因素的变化对多年冻土分布与发育的影响，分析了兴-贝型多年冻土的变化和发展趋势，总结认为：气温、植被、降水、积雪等环境因素共同作用，改变了土层水热状况，促使区域内大范围多年冻土经历了显著退化；退化程度存在区域差异，多年冻土南界附近退化程度最为显著。基于兴-贝型多年冻土的特殊性，提出了建立冻土和寒区环境监测机制并及时采取适应性和整治性措施保护和修复区域环境的建议。

Influence of Environmental Factors on Distribution and Development of Xing'an-Baikal Permafrost

The Xing'an-Baikal type permafrost, as the southern boundary of the high-latitude permafrost in Eurasia, is more sensitive to climate change and human activities. It is of positive significance to expatiate on the change of permafrost and predict the future development through the study of the interaction between permafrost and environment. In this study,the authors expounded the influence of zonal factors (latitude, altitude, longitude) and non-zonal factors (temperature, vegetation, precipitation, snow cover, etc.) on the distribution and development of permafrost, and analyzed the development trend of the Xing'an-Baikal type permafrost. The environmental factors such as air temperature, vegetation, precipitation, snow cover, have jointly changed the hydrothermal condition of the soil layer, leading to significant degradation of permafrost in a large area of the region. There are regional differences in the degree of degradation, which is the most significant near the southern boundary. Based on the particularity of the Xing'an-Baikal permafrost, the authors propose some suggestions for the study of Xing'an-Beikal type permafrost, such as the establishment of permafrost and cold region environmental monitoring mechanism in permafrost and cold regions, and the timely adaptive and remedial measures to protect and repair the regional environment.