云南省县（市）区应急备震能力评估方法研究及应用

震前做好应急备震工作是有效应对地震灾害风险、减轻灾害损失的重要手段。本文基于云南地区震害背景和区域特征,采用层次分析法构建了围绕1个目标层、4个准则层和23个指标层的应急备震能力评估指标体系的层次模型,对云南省129个县（市）区的应急综合备震能力进行了评估和分级。结果表明:从全省单项指标分析结果看,地震应急组织机构健全度和地震应急资源基础保障能力2项指标差距小,空间分布均匀,综合指数较高的区域集中在滇中的昆明和滇西的大理地区;地震应急灾情获取与评估能力2项指标综合指数较高的县分布于滇东和滇西地区的昆明、玉溪、大理、楚雄等地;昆明、大理地震紧急救援能力相对较高。从应急备震综合能力分析结果看,云南省17个县较高,8个县相对较弱,综合能力较强区域主要分布在滇中、滇西等地的昆明、玉溪、普洱等地,滇西北的怒江和滇东南的文山等地综合能力较低。

Research and Application of Evaluation Method of Earthquake Emergency Preparedness Ability in Counties of Yunnan Province

The earthquake emergency preparedness (EEP) before the earthquake is important for dealing with the earthquake disaster risk and reducing the disaster loss. In this paper, based on earthquake damage background and regional seismic characteristics in Yunnan Province, we constructed a hierarchical model of so called "Earthquake Emergency Preparedness Assessment Index System" which includes 1 target layer, 4 benchmark layers and 23 index layers by the analytic hierarchy process. Then we took 129 counties in Yunnan Province as an example to evaluate and classify the comprehensive EEP capability. The single index results show that the difference between the perfect earthquake emergency organization and basic support capability of earthquake emergency resources is small and the spatial distribution of them is even. The comprehensive ability regions are located in Kunming in central Yunnan and Dali in western Yunnan. The counties with high ability in obtaining and evaluating earthquake emergency disaster are distributed in Kunming, Yuxi, Dali, and Chuxiong etc. in eastern and western Yunnan Province. Dali and Kunming are relatively higher in the earthquake emergency rescue capacity. From the point view of the comprehensive ability of EEP, the ability of 17 counties in Yunnan province are relatively high, which are mainly distributed in Kunming, Yuxi, Pu'er etc. in central Yunnan, western Yunnan, such as Kunming, Yuxi, Pu'er etc. However, 8 counties are relatively weak in comprehensive ability, which are around the Nujiang River in northwest Yunnan and Wenshan mountain in southeast Yunnan.