南极中山站地区粘土矿物高岭石的分布和成因探讨

在南极中山站地区的土壤和湖泊沉积物中都有高岭石存在，本文分析了这些土壤样品的水溶态镁离子和ｐＨ值。结果表明，中山站地区土壤中的高岭石含量存在明显的空间分异，含量范围为２６％～５７％；而中山站地区奈拉湖不同时间的湖泊沉积物中高岭石含量范围则为５．８％～２３．２％。通过研究土壤中高岭石含量和土壤溶液性质的关系，发现土壤中高岭石含量与土壤溶液的ｐＨ和水溶态镁离子有一定联系。奈拉湖沉积物中高岭石的时间变化表明土壤中的高岭石含量在百年尺度上即可发生明显改变，这和土壤溶液性质发生改变的时间尺度是一致的。

DISTRIBUTION AND FORMATION OF KAOLINITE NEAR ZHONGSHAN STATION,EAST ANTARCTICA

Kaolinite exists in soils and lake sediments near Zhongshan Station, East Antarctica. Water soluble magnesium and pH of the soil samples are analysed. Kaolinite content in the soil samples ranges between 26% and 57%, showing clear spacial differentiation, while its content in the sediment of Lake Nella ranges between 5.8%-23.2%, showing temporal differentiation in different layers. The correlation between kaolinite content of the soil samples and the characteristics of soil solution demonstrates that the content of kaolinite is influenced by soil pH and water soluble magnesium. Variation of kaolinite content in the sediments of Lake Nella shows that significant change of kaolinite content in soils can occur over a period of as short as several hundred years, which agrees well with the time span for substantial change of soil solution.