The Role of Collecting Drainage Systems in the Formation of Chemical Composition of Lake Water in the Amu Darya Lower Reaches

As shown, drainage escape water forms a large category of surface water of the Amu Darya lower reaches, whose runoff varies from year to year and salinity varies within a year and over the period of many years. It is found that main collecting drains of the Amu Darya lower reaches are essential suppliers of salts and biogenic elements to lakes. The quality of drainage escape water is shown to be the basic factor of formation of the biological regime of limnetic ecosystems, and the migration of biogenes and large quantities of salts is shown to favor the formation of limnetic systems, which have a considerable level of pollution and are subjected to eutrophication.