斑块状海草床对大型底栖动物群落的影响

本研究根据2013年5月在山东省广饶县潮间带海草床及附近海域大型底栖动物的采样数据,对斑块状海草床及邻近海域的大型底栖动物群落多样性、组成和结构进行了比较研究。结果显示,在本研究的海草床及附近海域共获得大型底栖动物41种,其中甲壳动物的物种数量最多(16种),多毛类动物(15种)和软体动物(10种)次之。大型底栖动物优势种有7种,包括多毛类3种,甲壳动物和软体动物各2种。整个研究海域大型底栖动物群落的平均丰度为661.33 ind/m~2,最主要的丰度贡献者为光滑河篮蛤和丝异须虫,它们的丰度均表现出显著的空间差异;动物丰度在海草床覆盖海域明显高于非海草覆盖海域。聚类分析、nMDS排序、SIMPER分析和IMS分析结果显示,在沿海草床的距离梯度上,大型底栖动物并未表现出明显的线性趋势。因此,斑块状海草床的生态服务功能仍然存在,但相当有限。因此,对功能退化的斑块状海草床的保护势在必行,以期恢复其原有的生态服务功能。

Effects of patchy seagrass meadow on macrobenthic community

Based on the macrobenthos collected from intertidal seagrass meadow in Guangrao of Shandong Province in May 2013, the macrobenthic structure and diversity were analyzed and compared. A total of 41 macrobenthic species were identified, among which the crustacean was the most speciose macrobenthic taxa (16 species), followed by polychaete (15 species) and mollusca (10 species). There were seven dominant macrobenthic species calculated, including 3 species of polychaete, 2 species of crustacean and 2 species of mollusca. Total abundance across the whole sampling area was 661.33 ind/m2. Totalabundance, and abundance of Potamocorbula laevis and Heteromastus filiformis all showed significant spatial variation, and the macrobenthic abundance distributed in seagrass meadow was higher than that in other areas. The results of Cluster, nMDS ordination, SIMPER and IMS all showed no linear correlation along the distance gradient off the seagrass meadow. Therefore, the degraded seagrass meadow can still provide detectable limited ecological service. However, the rehabilitation of seagrass meadow was essential and urgent to regain its full ecological function.