中国废水处理甲烷排放特征和减排潜力分析

废弃物处理温室气体排放的主要排放源之一为废水（生活污水和工业废水）处理CH₄排放。根据统计资料和IPCC提供的方法，选择适合中国的排放因子，分析了中国废水处理2005-2010年的CH₄排放特征和2000-2010年CH₄产生的各驱动因子。并且根据中国的实际情况预测和分析了中国废水处理CH₄排放趋势和排放潜力。结果显示：2010年中国生活污水处理CH₄排放量为61.10万t，工业废水处理的CH₄排放量为162.37万t，造纸等八大行业CH₄排放量达到总CH₄排放量的92%以上，2005-2010年的CH₄排放量逐年增加；到2020年在减排情景下，生活污水处理CH₄排放量为101.36万t，减排潜力为7.63万t，比2010年排放量增加了66%；工业废水处理CH₄排放量233.93万t，减排潜力为25.99万t，比2010年排放量增加了44%。

CH4 Emissions and Reduction Potential in Wastewater Treatment of China

The treatment process of domestic wastewater and industry wastewater is one of strong CH₄ sources in waste treatment. According to the statistic data, IPCC model, and China local special emission factors, the characteristics of CH₄ emissions from the wastewater treatment process were predicted analyzed. The driven factors of the CH₄ emissions were also analyzed. And CH₄ emission trend and potential were predicted and analyzed according to the current situations of China wastewater treatment. The results show that CH₄ emissions from the treatments of domestic wastewater and industry wastewater is 611.0 thousand and 1623.7 thousand t respectively in 2010. Of which, CH₄ emissions of the eight major industries, accounting for more than 92%. And the emission increased gradually from 2005 to 2010. If the scenario is under the controlling management in 2020, the CH₄ emissions from the treatments of domestic wastewater and industry wastewater will be 1.0136 and 2.3393 million t, respectively. The emission reductions potential will be respectively 0.0763 and 0.2599 million t, the CH₄ emission from the treatments of domestic wastewater and industry wastewater will increase by 66% and 44% respectively relative to 2010.