干旱区绿洲地下水位调控方法与模型研究进展

适宜的地下水位是干旱区绿洲健康稳定发展的基础。从地下水生态水位的调控机理、调控方法、调控模型和应用实践入手,综述了干旱区绿洲地下水生态水位调控的研究进展:地表水与地下水相互转化规律是干旱区绿洲地下水生态水位调控的理论基础,掌握人类活动强烈影响下的地表水与地下水的响应关系是关键;地下水的补给、排泄和开发利用是实现地下水位调控的三个主要途径,不同调控方法在作用环节、适用性及效果方面存在显著差异;基于不同的研究重点,目前形成了以水资源配置、水循环过程和生态过程为核心的三类调控模型;建议继续深化强人类活动影响下干旱区绿洲生态水文响应机理与演变规律研究,构建基于调控措施-循环转化-响应反馈的地下水生态水位调控体系。

Advances in Regulation Method and Model of Ecological Groundwater Level in Arid Oasis Regions

Suitable groundwater level is the basis for healthy and stable development of oasis in arid area.Based on the mecha-nism,the method,the model and the application of regulation of ecological groundwater level,this paper summarized advances in regulation of ecological groundwater level in arid oasis resgions.The results show that the transformation between surface water and groundwater is the theoretical basis for the regulation of ecological groundwater level in arid oasis resgions,and it is the key to understand the response relationship of surface water and groundwater under the background of intense human activities.The groundwater recharge,discharge,and exploitation and utilization are main ways to perform the regulation of groundwater level.There are significant differences in links,applicability and effects among different regulation methods of ecological groundwater.Based on the different research focuses,three types of regulation models of ecological groundwater are formed with the core of water re-sources allocation,water cycle process and ecological process.It is suggested that the research on eco-hydrological response mech-anism and evolution law of oasis in arid area should be further deepened under the background of intense human activities,and the regulation system of groundwater ecological level should be established based on regulation measures,circulation transformation and response feedback.