基于遥感和GIS的塔里木河下游土地荒漠化的动态变化

塔里木河下游是土地荒漠化发展变化的典型区域.以遥感(RS)、地理信息系统(GIS)作为荒漠化信息获取与分析的工具,利用2个不同时段的遥感影像对塔里木河下游10年土地荒漠化进行了动态监测.结合区域环境特点,对土地荒漠化的动态变化规律进行了系统研究.结果显示该地区轻度荒漠化的土地面积有所减少,但总的荒漠化程度却有所增加.其主要原因是由于近年来的大量开荒造田,以及对塔里木河水资源的不合理利用,导致中下游天然植被大面积衰败和死亡,尤其是胡杨林面积锐减,致使荒漠化程度加重.

Study on Dynamic Change of Land Desertification in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River Based on RS and GIS

The development and change of desertification is typical in the area.RS and GIS techniques are used for monitoring the dynamic changes and data processing in desertification research.The remote sensing image data of two different temporal phases during 10 years are used.The result of analysis shows that the land of light desertification was decreased,but the total situation of desertification was improved during the 10 years.The main causes of the changes is the increase of a lot of cultivated land area and the misuse of Tarim river water resources.These human activities resulted in that the large number of nature vegetation was died,especially the area of the Huyang trees was declined,so the extent of desertification had been increased.