旅游地景观生态分类方法探讨——以福州市青云山风景区为例

综合分析了影响旅游地景观的主要因子,以人为干扰为基础,以地貌为基本线索,以植被为标志,以土壤为参照,结合实地考察和景观生态制图技术,建立研究区的三级景观生态分类体系.结论认为:旅游地景观类型的划分应强调整体的综合,而不是对个别组分进行分类;多要素综合的分级分类体系,既能反映控制景观形成过程的主要因子,又可体现景观的综合性,能较好地反映客观实际;旅游地景观生态类型的划分,应根据景观异质性、图形比例尺和图斑的需要,明确分类单元的等级,确定分类的基础单元.

METHODOLOGY OF LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION--A Case Study of the Qingyun Mountain Scenic Region in Fuzhou City

The factors that affect the landscapes of scenic spots are analysed. Based on the investigation of human disturbances, landform, soil and vegetation, and combined with mapping technology, a 3-class landscape ecological classification system for the studied region is established. 1) the first class: the landscapes that are affected by human activities in varying degrees including natural landscape, semi-natural landscape, agriculture landscape and artificial construction landscape; 2) the second class: those with different vegetations including 18 types of landscapes; 3) the third class: those with different landforms and soils. As a result, three conclusions are made: Firstly, in landscape ecological classification for tourist resorts, emphasis should be put on the integration of landscapes other than their constituents or single factors; Secondly, the multi-factor grading classification system can not only reflect the major formation factors of the landscapes, but also embody their complexity; Thirdly, the grades and the basic units of the classification for tourist resorts should be determined according to the heterogeneity, map scale and the demand of mapping patch.