控制碳酸盐岩油藏单井产能的主要地质因素分析——以哈萨克斯坦北特鲁瓦油田KT-I油层组为例

目前国内外针对控制碳酸盐岩油藏单井产能主要地质因素研究还较少。本文以哈萨克斯坦北特鲁瓦油田KT-I油层组为例,基于岩芯分析、测井解释成果、储层微观表征与生产动态分析等资料,宏观上从沉积作用、成岩作用、构造作用以及微观上从储层岩性、储层类型、物性、有效厚度等两方面对单井产能主控因素进行了研究。研究发现单井产能主要受孔隙体积、渗透率与储层有效厚度的直接影响,而孔隙体积及孔隙空间类型受岩性、沉积微相与成岩相控制。在碳酸盐岩中,裂缝的发育可极大程度地改善孔隙连通性,从而增加渗透率,而其发育受断裂作用与构造变形及成岩作用、岩性控制。研究各种地质因素对碳酸盐岩单井产能的控制作用,可为制定初次油气开发方案提供有效的指导,为调整开发方案和老区扩边勘探、滚动开发提供更为可靠的依据。

The main geological control factors of single well productivity for carbonate reservoir:Take the reservoir formation KT-I in North Truva field, Kazakhstan as example.

There are few studies on main controlling factors of single well production capacity for carbonate reservoir, both in China and abroad. Through the analyses of cores, logging data, reservoir microscopic characteristics and production performance of KT-I formation of North Truva field in Kazakhstan, the mechanisms of macroscopic controlling factors like sedimentary facies, diagenesis, tectonic setting and microscopic controlling factors such as reservoir lithology, reservoir space type, porosity, permeability, net pay thickness were studied in this article. The research shows that single well production capacity is directly influenced by porosity, permeability and net pay thickness. Reservoir porosity and space type are influenced by lithology, microfacies and diagenesis. Fractures developed in carbonate can significantly improve the pore connectivity, thus increase the permeability. The development of fractures is determined by faulting, tectonic deformation, diagenesis and lithology. This study can provide necessary guidance for making initial oilfield development plan or adjusting the development program, and can also offer more reliable basis for extension drilling and progressive exploration and development.