考虑底摩擦与岛屿影响的渤海潮波计算──渤海潮波计算中对不同形式的方程、底摩擦及岛屿处理之比较

采用二维非线性或线性潮波微分方程和三种不同底摩擦形式，在考虑岛屿或忽略岛屿（线性平滑）两种情况下，分别对渤海单个Ｍ２、Ｓ２、Ｋ１、Ｏ１分潮进行了数值计算。得出了这４个分潮在不同情况下的同期时线和等振幅线图及在部分站位上的调和常数值。计算表明，对渤海Ｍ２、Ｓ２、Ｋ１、Ｏ１单个分潮进行数值计算时，非线性方程中浅水和对流非线性项存在或不存在，对计算结果几乎没有影响，亚网格尺度岛屿对计算结果的影响并不大。用实测资料检验并与已有研究结果比较得出：由于水深过浅，底摩擦形式取非线性比取线性好；忽略尺度比网格尺度小得多的岛屿所得结果更合理，计算也更方便。

TIDAL WAVE CALCULATIONS IN THE BOHAI SEA CONSIDERING BOTTOM FRICTION AND OTHER FACTORS

By employing the two--dimensional nonlinear or linear tidal wave equations and using three kinds of bottom friction forms, considering or ignoring (i. e., linear smoothening) the influence of islands, the tidal constituents M,,S,, K, and O, in the Bobal Sea are successively calculated, and the cotide--isoamplitude charts and the harmonic constants of these constituents at some stations are obtained. The calculations show that the effect of nonlinear terms related to shallow water and convection is negligible,and that the influence of sub-grid scale islands is not significant. By comparing the calculated results with observations and recent research, it is concluded that the nonlinear bottom friction forms are better than linear formsdue to the small' depth in the region (the average water depth is only 20m);the results are more reasonable and the calculation is easier if the sub--grid scale islandsare ignored.