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Distribution and source of main contaminants in surface sediments of tidal flats in the Northern Shandong Province
Authors:Zhijie Liu  Peiying Li  Xiaolong Zhang  Ping Li  Yuanqin Xu
Affiliation:1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, P. R. China
2. National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin, 300171, P. R. China
3. First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, P. R. China
4. Environmental College, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, P. R. China
Abstract:Twenty-nine samples of surface sediments from tidal flats in the Northern Shandong Province were collected for grain size, heavy metal (Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cr), and oil pollution analyses. The geoaccumulation index (I geo) and factor analysis were introduced to evaluate sediment quality and source of contaminants. The mean concentrations of Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, and oil in the surface sediments in the study area are 0.033, 17.756, 19.121, 55.700, 0.291, 59.563, and 14.213 μg g?1, respectively. The heavy metal contamination in the old delta lobe is slightly higher than that in the abandoned delta lobe; however, the opposite was observed for oil pollution. The I geo results revealed that the overall quality of the surface sediments in the study area is in good condition. The heavy metal pollution levels show a descending order: Cd> Hg> Cr> Cu> Zn> Pb, Cd being the main pollutant. The contamination level for in the study area is relatively lower than those for China’s other tidal flats. Heavy metals are mainly derived from natural sources of rock weathering and erosion, partly influenced by industrial and agricultural discharge. However, oil pollution is mainly from runoff input, motorized fishing boat sewage, and oil exploitation.
Keywords:tidal flat sediments  heavy metals  quality evaluation  factor analysis  source of contaminants  Northern Shandong Province
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