港湾海洋环境监测站位布设方法研究——以象山港为例

本文在水质污染物扩散模拟的基础上结合港湾生物、水质、水团、水动力等分区特征,确定港湾监测代表单元,结合质心点计算方法,建立港湾海洋环境监测站位优化布局方法,并在象山港进行示范。结果表明:(1)象山港作为典型半封闭港湾,水交换能力较差,水团分布相对均匀,根据无机氮、活性磷酸盐水质模拟结果及港湾生态分布特征,象山港分成9个区,各区内主要水质指标及生物生态特征基本一致。(2)采用质心点计算方法,在象山港9个区及区间(分界线)共设置16个代表性站位,各站位可作为象山港落潮时无机氮、活性磷酸盐、温、盐、生物等指标的监测站位;(3)站位优化验证结果表明,优化前后2组数据之间无显著性差异,说明优化后的16个监测站位能较好地代表象山港海域的生态环境质量,其所表征的监测信息量与现有监测站位的信息量等效。

The setting method of harbour marine environment monitoring station---A case study in Xiangshan Bay

Based on the pollution diffusion simulation,and combined with the division characteristics of biology,water quality,water mass,water power,the harbor monitoring unit was determined. Then using centroid point calculation to establish the setting method of harbour marine environmental monitoring stations and demonstrate in Xiangshan Bay. The results showed that: (1)The water exchange ability of Xiangshan Bay is poor as a typical semi-enclosed bay,and the distribution of water mass is relatively uniform. Based on the simulation results of inorganic nitrogen and phosphate,combined waith harbour ecological distribution characteristics,the Xiangshan Bay was divided into 9 regions,and the main water quality index and ecological characteristics was just the same in each region. (2)Set 16 representative stations as the monitoring stations of inorganic nitrogen,phosphate,temperature,salt,biological indicators of Xiangshan Bay at ebb tide by using centroid point calculation. (3)There was no significant difference between the 2 groups of data by using the T test method which indicated that the optimized stations can represent the ecological environment quality of Xiangshan Bay. The amount of information get from the optimized stations was equivalent to the original one.