Some constraints on the formation of the Zambian Copperbelt deposits

The origin of the ores of the Zambian Copperbelt are examined by referring to the timing and physicochemical conditions of the formation of the orebodies and by reviewing the possible sources of Cu and Co available. The constraints imposed by these two conditions leads to the conclusion that the ores were formed during early diagenesis, primarily by bacterial action on metal rich solutions derived from the pre-Katangan basement rocks.