三江平原1960-2004年农业气候环境年代际变化

为研究三江平原农业气候环境年代际变化,使用1960-2004年三江平原17个国家气象站和14个农垦气象站观测资料,分析了三江平原气候资源和气候灾害变化特征.结果表明:①≥10℃活动积温20世纪60年代、70年代偏少,夏季低温发生频繁.80年代以后热量资源增加,夏季低温出现次数减少.②作物生长季降水量在20世纪70年代、90年代后期以后偏少,干旱年份偏多;其他时段降雨以偏多年份居多,雨涝年份较多.③1960-2004年三江平原热量资源变化与西风带环流及人类活动关系密切;降水资源多少与西太平洋副热带高压强度有很好的关系,与纬向环流变化也有一定联系.

Interdecadal Change of Agroclimatic Environment in Sanjiang Plain during 1960-2004

The characteristics of the climate resources and climate disaster change in the Sanjiang plain were examined using the continuous temperature and precipitation data of the 17 national meteorological stations and 14 agricultural stations from 1960 to 2004.The results indicated that deficit accumulated temperature ≥10℃ occurred in Sanjiang plain from the 1960s to the 1970s ,and the summer low temperature often took place. The accumulated temperature ≥10℃ increased obviously from the late 1980s,and the summer low temperature years reduced. The crop growth season precipitation cut, and the drought disaster occured frequently during the 1970s and after the late 1990s, but the flood disaster happened often in the 1960s and 1980s.The thermal resources change was the result from the common action between the human activity and westerlies circulation variation. The rain variation had a good corresponding relation with the strength of the western Pacific subtropical high strength and it related to the zonal circulation variation.