风浪对湖泊浮游生物影响的研究进展

风浪在自然水体中广泛存在，是浮游生物生存环境的本质特征。在湖泊（特别是浅水湖泊）中，风浪过程广泛影响着水体的物理、化学特性，并直接和间接对浮游生物产生重要影响。综述了风浪对湖泊浮游动物、浮游植物和浮游细菌影响的相关研究。风浪对浮游生物的时空分布及其在塑造浮游生物系统的结构和功能中发挥了至关重要的作用:风浪条件在浮游生物的行为、营养盐吸收速率和通量、捕食及其生长、竞争和演替等方面均具有广泛且重要的影响，并显著影响着水体食物网的结构和功能，最终对湖泊生态系统的结构和功能产生潜在的影响。提出了未来研究的主要方向为进一步揭示全球气候变化条件下风浪在湖泊中的生态环境效应，为富营养湖泊的治理和管理提供新的认识和决策支持。

A review of the effects of wind waves on plankton in lakes

Wind waves are a ubiquitous characteristic of aquatic environments and also an intrinsic feature of planktonic habitats. In lakes, especially in large and shallow lakes, wind waves greatly influence the physico-chemical properties of the water column, and directly or indirectly play a crucial role in plankton ecology. This paper reviewed studies of the effects of wind waves on the zooplankton, phytoplankton, and bacterioplankton in lakes. Accumulating studies showed that wind waves affect the spatial-temporal distribution of plankton and play a crucial role in shaping the structure and function of planktonic systems. In particular, it strongly affects the behaviour, nutrient uptake rate and flux, predation, growth, competition and succession of planktonic organisms, which in turn significantly influence the structure of aquatic food webs, potentially affecting the overall structure and function of lake ecosystems. This paper highlights the major future research directions to further reveal the ecological effects of hydrodynamics in lakes under global climate change scneario, which could provide new insights and support for decision making in terms of management and control of eutrophic lakes.