Effective Rigidity of a Polar Neutron Monitor for Recording Ground-Level Enhancements |
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Authors: | Sergey A. Koldobskiy author-information" >,Gennady A. Kovaltsov author-information" >,Ilya G. Usoskin |
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Affiliation: | 1.Space Climate Research Unit,University of Oulu,Finland;2.National Research Nuclear University MEPhI,Moscow,Russia;3.Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute,St. Petersburg,Russia;4.Sodankyl? Geophysical Observatory,University of Oulu,Finland |
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Abstract: | The “effective” rigidity of a neutron monitor for a ground-level enhancement (GLE) event is defined so that the event-integrated fluence of solar energetic protons with rigidity above it is directly proportional to the integral intensity of the GLE as recorded by a polar neutron monitor, within a wide range of solar energetic-proton spectra. This provides a direct way to assess the integral fluence of a GLE event based solely on neutron-monitor data. The effective rigidity/energy was found to be 1.13?–?1.42 GV (550?–?800 MeV). A small model-dependent, systematic uncertainty in the value of the effective rigidity is caused by uncertainties in the low-energy range of the neutron-monitor yield function, which requires more detailed computations of the latter. |
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