厦门三个重要养殖水域浮游动物的数量分布特征

本文主要研究2000年厦门3个重要养殖水域浮游动物的种类组成和数量分布特征,并就其与环境因子的关系进行了初步探讨.结果表明,在这3个重要养殖水域共记录到浮游动物102种及16种浮游幼虫,以近岸、河口低盐种类为主.种类数的季节分布与水温的季节变化一致浮游动物生物量、个体数量与叶绿素a含量、浮游植物细胞数呈显著的二次抛物线关系.受地理环境和海水盐度影响,浮游动物的分布具明显的差异,数量一般呈马銮湾>厦门西港>同安湾(含东咀港和浔江港).浮游动物数量季节分布呈现春季高,冬、夏季居中,秋季最低的特点,除受水温等因子影响外,也与养殖贝类的数量密切相关.

Quantitative distribution characteristics of zooplankton from three important mariculture areas of Xiamen

The species composition and quantitative distribution characteristics of zooplankton collected from three important mariculture areas of Xiamen in 2000were analyzed and studied on their relation to the environmental factors in this paper. Theresults showed that 102 species of zooplankton and 16 groups of planktonic larvae were recorded. Among them low salinity neritic and estuarine species were thedominant. The seasonal variation of species number was consistent withthe seasonal variation of temperature. The biomass and individual number both had obvious square parabolic correlation with chlorophyll-a value and the cell quantityof phytoplankton. Influenced by the salinity and geographic environment, the zooplankton distribution showed but obvious distinction. Normally, the highestabundance was in Maluan Bay, the higher in western Xiamen Harbor, and the lowestin Tongan Bay(including Dongzui Harbor and Xunjiang Harbor). The character of seasonal distribution showed that the highest abundance was found in spring, followedby winter and summer, and the lowest was in autumn. Furthermore, the abundancehad close correlation with the quantity of cultural shellfishes, besides the environmental factors(such as water temperature, etc.).