菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)对潮间带水层-沉积物界面颗粒通量影响的研究

研究利用中型生物扰动系统 (AFS)对胶州湾薛家岛潮间带菲律宾蛤仔 (Ruditapesphilippinarum)养殖断面和非养殖断面的中潮和低潮 4个站位的生物沉降和沉积物的再悬浮过程进行测定。结果表明生物沉降作用与大型滤食性双壳类动物 -菲律宾蛤仔的丰度呈显著的正相关关系 (r=0 .984 ,P<0 .0 5 ) ,养殖断面的生物沉降作用要明显地大于非养殖断面。在菲律宾蛤仔的低密度区 ,生物沉降的作用小于自然沉降 ,而在其养殖的高密度区 ,生物沉降率约为自然沉降率的4倍。薛家岛潮间带沉积物的临界侵蚀速率为 17.4～ 2 0 .4 cm/ s。沉积物的稳定性与所测生物因子的关系不密切 (P>0 .0 5 )。作者推测两个断面中潮站位沉积物的相对易侵蚀性 ,可能是由于此处环境受到某些大型动物及高潮带人工养殖带来的扰动所致

Effects of Manila Clam (Ruditapes philippi narum) on the Benthic-Pelagic Particle Flux in Xuejiadao Intertidal Zone

An annular flux system (AFS) was deployed to measure t he biodeposition and the sediment resuspension processes at four stations in the mid-shore and low-shore along both natural and Manila clam (Ruditapes phili ppinarum) farming transects in Xuejiadao intertidal zone. The results showed t hat there was a significant correlation between the biodeposition rates and the density (r = 0.984, P<0.05) of the filter feeder, Manila clam. The effect of bio deposition at the farming transect was more intensive than that at the natural t ransect where the biodeposition effect was lower than that resulting from natura l sedimentation. In contrast, the biodeposition rate at the culture site with th e high density of Manila clams was four times of the natural sedimentation rate. The critical erosion velocities of intertidal sediments at Xuejiadao were from 17.4 to 20.4cm s -1 . It was found that the site differences in sediment erodibility were not significantly correlated with measured biota factors such as total macrofauna biomass, total abundance and macrofauna densities (P>0.05). It was supposed that the lower stability of sediments in the mid-shore level at both transects was probably associated with higher densities of bioturbators an d with disturbance by shrimp farming in the high-shore.