滦河下游河道生态需水量

为量化水库下游河道生态修复所需水量,以滦河下游潘家口水库—滦河口为研究样区,采用逐月频率法和生态水力学法估算河道生态需水量,既具有水文学方法的简便,又考虑生物学特性,强调了水文-生态的联系。通过对研究区河道1956~2000年生态、水文及水力资料的分析计算,结果表明:①逐月频率法和生态水力学法在计算滦河下游河道生态需水中均合理;②最小、适宜、理想等级年生态需水量分别为4.29亿,8.93亿和16.29亿m3,分别占河道天然径流量的10.18%、21.21%和38.68%;③年内汛期8月份及生物繁殖期(4~6月)需水量分别达到年度总量的33.5%和11.5%。

Ecological water requirements in the lower reaches of Luanhe Basin

Based on the methods of the ecological water requirements (EWRs) at home and abroad, this paper takes the area from Panjiakou reservoir to Luanhe estuary of Luanhe Basin as the typical area to determine the water allocations of the river ecological restoration in reservoirs' downstream. EWRs are calculated with the month-by-month frequency method and eco-hydraulics method. The methods can describe EWRs according to seasons and grades, meanwhile emphasize the relationship between hydrology and ecology. Through the analysis of the ecological, hydrological and hydraulic data from the studied area from 1956 to 2000, the results indicate that: (1) The month-by-month frequency method and eco-hydraulics method are both reasonable in calculating EWRs in the Lower reaches of Luanhe Basin; (2) The minimum, medium and ideal level of annual EWRs are 4.29×108,8.93×108 and 16.29×108m3, about 10.18%, 21.21% and 38.68% of the natural river discharge respectively; And (3) the ratio of the monthly ecological flows should be 33.5% in the flood period (August) and 11.5% in the biological propagation period in spring (April-June).