有关土壤汞量测量的几点思考与探讨研究

对于土壤汞量测量工作中存在的一些疑问,如土壤吸附汞测量的定义与其热释温度是否对应,土壤样品研磨对测量结果有何影响,土壤吸附汞测量相对于全量汞测量的应用前景等等,笔者尝试进行实验性探讨和个案分析,获得以下几点认识:①原子态汞在表生环境中,其衍生化合物包含硫化汞,且占有相当大比例;②辰砂及一些无定形态汞化合物颗粒(如非晶态的硫化汞等)的分布状态是影响测量结果的主要因素;③样品研磨对测量结果的影响要远大于滞留在样品中的原子态汞。基于这种认识,建议性提出土壤样品加工方法及测试要求,并就实验中的一些现象及研究需要,提出“似颗粒效应“、“当量氯化汞“和“土壤泛低温汞测量“等概念,为进一步完善土壤汞量测量方法技术提供了一种新的见解和思路。

SOME CONSIDERATIONS AND DISCUSSION ON MERCURY SURVEY OF SOIL

There are some questions in the mercury survey of soil. For instance, whether the definition of soil survey for adsorbed mercury is right corresponding to the temperature relating to caloric release? What does the soil sample grinding affect the survey results? And in comparison to total mercury survey of soil, what prospects will the adsorbed mercury survey of soil have? Aiming at the questions above, some trails and case studies have been carried out with the following understandings obtained: First, mercury sulfide is included in the derivative compounds of mercury in atomic mode in superficial environment and accounts for a large part of the compounds. Second, the main factor affecting the survey results is the distribution of mercury blende and some other granulous mercury compounds, such as uncrystallized mercury sulfides. Third, the influence of sample grinding on the survey results is more obvious than that of mercury in atomic mode detained in the sample. Based on these understanding, some suggestions have been made for soil sample processing and determination method. And some concepts, such as "quasi-pellet effect", "equivalent mercury chloride" and "pan low temperature mercury survey of soil", have been put forward, so providing new idea for improving the effect of mercury survey of soil.