城市闹市区物探技术和岩溶探查的进展及隧道施工时岩爆预报技术的突破

在城市闹市区的物探工作受到人、车等的振动和地电、电磁波的强烈干扰,因此目前物探难以在地铁及其他城市勘查中做面积性工作。陆地声呐法和微分电测深及C-1微测深仪在北京、济南、广州等闹市区的浅层勘查中取得了突破。探查单个中小溶洞是地质勘探的难题之一,在多处用陆地声呐等方法探查几十米深、直径1 m以上的溶洞,并得到了大量钻孔的验证,难关亦已突破。针对国际岩石力学界的重点研究难题——高应力情况下开挖地下工程发生的岩爆机理和预报,在四川锦屏二级电站用微震监测和陆地声呐法相结合监测微震事件密集发生部位、探查岩爆源位置进行岩爆预报,取得了好的效果和进展。

THE PROGRESS OF GEOPHYSICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DOWNTOWN AREA OF A CITY AND THE BREAKTHROUGH IN KARST CAVE SURVEY AND ROCK BURST PREDICTION OF THE TUNNEL

Geophysical technologies in busy town of city have two problems which are vibration noise of passerby,cars and the other machines and the strong interference of geoelectric and electromagnetic.So geophysical exploration can not work in area on subway and the other engineering in busy town at present.The Landsonar method and C-1 electric instrument were new techniques used in recent years,which can not only advance greatly the resolution but also avoid kinds of interference and got new breakthrough on shallow engineering surveys in busy town of Beijng,Jinan and Guangzhou.Survey of the single karst caves was one of the difficult exploration problems.Landsonar had predicted single karst caves of 1m diameter at several decameters far away,got many confirmations with drilling hole and achieved great breakthrough.The mechanism and prediction of rockburst of underground engineering under high stress was also a difficult problem in international rock mechanics circle,the teams of author and professor Tang Chun-an achieved great result and progress on survey of rockburst with Landsonar and Microseismic monitoring system in Jingping secondary waterpower station.