北方岩溶区水文地质环境地质调查进展——以北京西山岩溶区为例

该文是在地质调查项目“北方岩溶水文地质环境地质调查示范”成果基础上归纳编写的.工作区选择北京西山玉泉山泉域、黑龙关泉域和鱼谷洞泉域.调查中采用了地面调查、遥感解译、地球物理勘探、水文地质钻探、示踪试验、水均衡站观测、水化学以及δD、δ18O、C、δ34S、Sr同位素方法手段,获取了大量第一手资料,通过对包括前人资料的综合研究,取得以下主要进展:①查明了该区岩溶水文地质条件和环境问题,将工作区划分为2个含水岩组、3个岩溶水系统和5个子系统;②通过对黑龙关泉域均衡观测,获得了寒武—奥陶系和蓟县系碳酸盐岩裸露区降水入渗系数,并采用最新资料评价了天然资源量和可开采资源量;③针对突出的岩溶水环境问题(含潜在问题),从政策、技术和工程3方面提出了岩溶水保护和环境问题治理的建议.

Progress of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey in Karst Area of Northern China: An Example from Karst Area in Western Hills of Beijing

This paper is based on the results of geological survey project “Northern Karst Hydrogeological and Environment Geological Survey Demonstration”. The project choose Yuquanshan springshed, Heilongguan springshed and Yugudong springshed as working areas. Different techniques and methods are adopted in field survey, such as ground survey, remote sensing interpretation, geophysical prospecting, hydrogeological drilling, tracer test, water balance station observation, water chemistry and isotope method (δD, δ¹⁸O, C, δ³⁴S and Sr), and a large number of first-hand data are obtained. Comprehensive study of the data(including the former data), the project makes such main progress: firstly, find out the Karst hydrogeological conditions and environmental problems about the working area and divide it into two aquifers, three Karst water systems and five sub systems; secondly, through carrying out equilibrium observation in the Heilongguan springshed, the precipitation infiltration coefficient is obtained in the carbonate exposed area of the Cambrian-Ordovician and Jixian system, and we evaluate the natural water resources and recoverable water resources by using the latest data; thirdly, we propose measures of the Karst water conservation and environmental governance from three aspects of policy, technology and engineering for outstanding Karst water environmental problems (including potential problems).