台湾海峡西岸台风大风特征及极端大风典型个例分析

利用1987-2016年福建省沿海台风大风资料、美国NCEP再分析资料和FY2C卫星云顶亮温（TBB）资料，采用统计和天气学诊断方法，对台湾海峡西岸台风大风和极端大风进行定义并对特征进行分析。结果表明：台湾海峡西岸台风大风以7-9级为主，极端大风在10-14级，海峡西岸中部是大风重灾区。将研究时段内的台风大风样本按路径归为4类，发现产生大风的台风以登陆闽中北-浙中和登陆闽南-粤东路径居多，大风区总体位于登陆台风路径的右侧。对0608号"桑美"和1614号"莫兰蒂"产生极端大风的典型个例对比研究发现，地面北高南低形势及气压梯度越密集越有利于大风提早产生，台风上空中层冷平流侵入激发低层中尺度对流发展强盛是导致地面大风增强的可能成因。

Characteristics of strong typhoon wind and typical cases of extreme wind on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait,China

Based on the strong wind data of the coastal stations in Fujian province from 1987 to 2016,the NCEP reanalysis data and FY2C satellite TBB data,the typhoon gale and extreme gale on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait in China were defined and analyzed by using statistical and meteorological diagnostic methods.The results show that the typhoon gale on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait in China is mainly 7-9 grade and the extreme gale is 10-14 grade. The central region of the west coast is a windy disaster area.The typhoon samples in the studied period are classified into four types according to their paths.As a result,it is found that the most typhoons that produce strong wind land at the central region of Fujian to the central region of Zhejiang and the south of Fujian to the east of Guangdong,and the strong wind regions are generally located on the right of the paths.Meanwhile,two typical cases of typhoons named 0608 Sangmei and 1614 Meranti which produce extreme wind are compared and investigated.The results show that the terrain which are high in the north and low in the south and the strong pressure gradient is in favor of early producing the gale.In addition,the stimulated growth of the mesoscale convection in the lower layer with cold advection invading in the middle layer over typhoons is the cause enhancing the ground gale.