黄山地区高温气候特征及一次持续性高温诊断分析

基于1981-2017年安徽省黄山地区观测资料以及EC再分析资料，利用数学统计方法对黄山地区的夏季高温特征进行分析，并重点对2017年7月的极端气温高、连续时间长、强度大、范围广的高温天气及成因进行诊断分析。结果表明：副热带高压是黄山夏季高温的主要影响系统，夏季高温具有明显的时空分布特征，高温日数7月最多（占48%）、8月次之（占37%），主要集中7月中旬至8月上旬；空间分布上呈盆地、丘陵地区多，高海拔山区少的特点。副热带高压强、脊线稳定在黄山地区、副热带高压脊线附近的下沉增温与低层暖中心配合，是2017年7月12-29日黄山地区持续高温产生的主要原因；盛夏期间热带低值系统不活跃且高温期间登陆台风少，为黄山地区出现持续性高温提供了有利条件；海拔高度等地形地貌导致高温分布不均匀。此外，副热带高压脊线位置、副热带高压强度、相对湿度廓线、降雨量、台风、地形等要素对高温的预报预警有较好指示意义。

Climate characteristics of high-temperature and diagnosis of a continuous high-temperature process in Huangshan area

Based on the observation data of Huangshan area and EC reanalysis data from 1981 to 2017,and using mathematical-statistical methods,the characteristics of the summer high temperature (SHT) in Huangshan area were analyzed and the reason of a high-temperature weather process with the extreme high temperature,long duration,large intensity and wide range in July 2017 was diagnosed.The results show that the subtropical high is the main influence system of SHT.The SHT has clear spatio-temporal distribution characteristics.More specifically,the most and the second most high-temperature days are in July and August,accounting for 48% and 37%,respectively.The high temperature mainly occurs in the period from mid-July to early August.The spatial distribution of the SHT features more occurrence in basins and hilly areas and less in high-altitude mountainous areas. Meanwhile,strong subtropical high,the ridgeline stabilizing in Huangshan area,the coordination of the warming sinking air near the sub-high ridge line and low-level warm center are the main causes of the continuous high temperature in Huangshan area during July 12-29 in 2017.In addition,the inactive tropical low-value system during midsummer and few landing typhoons during high temperatures provide favorable conditions for the occurrence of persistent high temperatures.Topography,such as altitude,leads to the uneven distribution of high temperature.Besides,the position of sub-high ridgeline,subtropical high intensity,relative humidity profile,rainfall,typhoons,topography,and other factors are of great indicative significance for the forecast and early warning of high temperature.