Zur Entstehung der Unterkruste und der Moho-Diskontinuität |
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Authors: | Prof Dr K R Mehnert |
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Institution: | (1) Present address: Institut für Mineralogie der Freien Universität, Takustraße 6, D-1 Berlin 33 |
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Abstract: | Zusammenfassung Im folgenden wird die vorläufige Zusammenfassung einer größeren Untersuchungsreihe vorgelegt, die sich mit dem Aufbau und der Zusammensetzung der Unterkruste befaßt. Wenn man alle jüngeren Veränderungen durch Metamorphose, Anatexis, magmatische Differentiation und Assimilation abzieht, so ist der Primärbestand der Unterkruste charakterisiert durch ein Lagengefüge von Meta-Basiten und Meta-Aziditen. Die Entstehung dieser beiden Gesteinsgruppen wird diskutiert, und eine Theorie der Krustenbildung vorgelegt. Die Moho-Diskontinuität wird als eine primäre Gesteinsgrenze zwischen den ältesten Teilen der Unterkruste und dem Paläo-Mantel gedeutet. Die Schärfe der Grenze wird durch Bewegungen im Zusammenhang mit Mantelströmen erklärt.
As a summary of some recent investigations, the composition and the structure of the lower crust are discussed mainly from a genetical point of view. If secondary processes, like metamorphism, anatexis, magmatic differentiation and assimilation, are disregarded, the primary composition of the lower crust is characterized by a layered structure mainly consisting of two rock types: a group of metabasitic rocks (of gabbroid composition) and a group of meta-acidic composition (fine- to medium-grained gneisses, leptites, granulites, etc.). The origin of this rock sequence is discussed, and a theory on the formation of the oldest crust is presented. The Moho-discontinuity is explained as a primary boundary between the oldest parts of the lower crust and the paleo-mantle . It is assumed that the relative sharpness of this boundary is due to strong movements probably caused by convection currents in the upper mantle.
Résumé L'article présente succinctement les premiers résultats des recherches récentes sur la structure et la composition de l'écorce terrestre profonde. Abstraction faite de tous les changements secondaires, tels que le métamorphisme, l'anatexie, la différenciation magmatique et l'assimilation, la composition primaire de l'écorce profonde est caracterisée par une structure litée se composant essentiellement de deux groupes de roches de pétrographie assez différente: les métabasites (ayant la composition des gabbros) et les méta-acidites, roches métamorphiques à grains fins ou moyens, riches en silice (gneiss, leptites, granulites etc.). La génèse de ces deux types de roches est en discussion; une théorie sur l'origine de l'écorce terrestre y est présentée. La Moho-discontinuité est interprétée génétiquement comme une limite primaire entre les parties les plus anciennes de l'écorce profonde et le »paléo-manteau«. Le fait que cette limite soit caractérisée par un changement relativement abrupt de la densité des roches est expliqué par l'action de mouvements forts provoqués par des courants de convection dans le manteau supérieur.
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![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1075.gif) ![lcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1089.gif) ![icy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1080.gif) Moho ![rcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1089.gif) ![mcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1089.gif) , ![kcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![pcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1095.gif) ![ncy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![gcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1075.gif) ![rcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tscy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1094.gif) ![mcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![zhcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1078.gif) ![dcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1076.gif) ![pcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1076.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![mcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1084.gif) ![dcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1076.gif) ![rcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ncy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![jcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1081.gif) ![shcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1096.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![kcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ldquor](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge8222.gif) ![dcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1076.gif) ![rcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ncy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![jcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1081.gif) ![mcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1080.gif) . ![Pcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1055.gif) ![ocy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1086.gif) ![yacy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1103.gif) ![vcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1074.gif) ![lcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1080.gif) ![rcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![zcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1079.gif) ![kcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1075.gif) ![rcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tscy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1094.gif) ![scy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1089.gif) ![vcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1074.gif) ![yacy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1103.gif) ![zcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ycy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1099.gif) ![vcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![yucy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1102.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![chcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1080.gif) ![yacy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1103.gif) ![mcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1084.gif) ![scy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1089.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![mcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/k1503846w737227k/xxlarge1080.gif) .
Vortrag, gehalten auf der Jahresversammlung der Geologischen Vereinigung am 17. Februar 1971 in München. |
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