湖南省煤田地质特点及其找煤方向

湖南省煤田主要有地台型和地洼型两类。地台型煤田主要为斗岭煤系,次为测水煤系,煤系地层以海陆交互相细碎屑岩为主,含菱铁矿或黄铁矿结核,煤系厚2—44m,含煤l—3层,煤系地层与下伏岩层为整合或假整合关系。地洼型煤田主要为石门口煤系,煤系地层以陆相杂色粗碎屑岩为主,含泥岩、菱铁矿,煤系厚19—948m,含煤1—11层,煤系地层与下伏岩层呈不整合接触。全省煤炭尚可供建井的储量仅为保有储量的2l％,要加强煤炭资源的寻找,其方向一是在已知煤矿深部找煤,二是在地洼阶段形成的逆掩断层和飞来峰下找隐伏煤,三是在白垩系或下第三系下找煤。

GEOLOGIC FEATURES OF THE COAL FIELDS IN HUNAN AND DIRECTION OF PROSPECTING

The coal fields in Hunan province are included mainly in two types, i.e., platform type and diwa type. The platform type coal fields are mainly composed of Douling coal measure, next to that is Ceshui coal measure. The coal measures consist mainly of continental-marine alternating facies fine clastic rocks, containing siderite or pyrite nodules, with a thickness of 2--44m, covering 1--3 coal seams, conformably or pseudoconformably contacted with the underlying strata. The diwa type coal fields are mainly composed of Shimenkou coal measure, which consists mainly of continental facies variegated coarsegrained clastic rocks, containing mudstone, siderite, its thickness ranging from 19 to 948m, covering 1--11 coal seams, unconformably contacted with the underlying strata. Only 21% of the preserved reserve of coal resource in the whole province can be used to supply new pits. Hence the search for coal resources should be enhanced. The direction of prospecting should be aimed at: 1. the deeper part of the known coal field; 2. beneath the overthrust fault or nappe formed in diwa period; 3. below the Cretaceous System or Paleogene System.