影响珠江三角洲可持续城市化发展的若干环境地质问题

珠江三角洲经济区城市化进程迅猛。环境地质问题是快速城市化进程的“副产物”、泛都市化趋势下人-地-生相互关系失调的反映。对可持续城市化进程具有广泛影响的主要环境地质问题有软土区地面形变,海岸异常变迁衍生的港口、河道、口门淤积和城市洪涝,水土污染,水质性缺水,构造稳定性和隐伏岩溶塌陷,按成因类型可分为原生为主型、次生为主型、原生与次生结合型3类环境地质问题。可持续城市化的关键之一在于科学利用环境资源,降低环境地质问题的风险。鉴于城市化决策和实践忽视城市地学工作成果的应用和城市地学工作系统性不足,建议尽快系统地开展以环境地质为主体的城市地学工作。

Environmental-geological problems impacting sustainable urbanization in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, Guangdong, China.

The urbanization of the Pearl River Delta (PRD) Economic Zone is progressing rapidly. Environmental-geological problems are the "by-product" in the process of rapid urbanization and a reflection of disharmony among man, geo-environment and ecosystem in the pan-metropolitan trend. The main environment-geological problems that have wide impacts on the sustainable urbanization include ground deformation in areas of soft soils, siltation of harbors, river courses and mouths and flooding-waterlogging induced by abnormal coastline shifts, contamination of water and soils, water shortages in terms of poor quality, tectonic instability and hidden karst collapses. According to the genetic types, these problems can be divided into the primary-dominant type, secondary-dominant type and primary-secondary mixing type. The key to sustainable urbanization lies in scientific utilization of environmental resources and reduction of the risk of environmental-geological problems (including geohazards). Due to negligence of applications of the results of urban geoscience work in the urbanization decision-making and practice and lacking of systematic urban geological work, the author suggests that it is necessary to carry out systematic urban geological work centering on environmental geology as rapidly as possible.