南极中山站DPS-4电离层测高仪的中层夏季回波统计分析

The vertical temperature profiles of snow and sea ice have been measured in the Arctic during the 2nd Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in 2003(CHINARE2003).The high-resolution temperature profile in snow is solved by one-dimensional heat transfer equation.The effective heat diffusivity,internal heat sources are identified.The internal heat source refers to the penetrated solar radiation which usually warms the lower part of the snow layer in summer.By temperature gradient analysis,the zero level can be clarified quantitatively as the boundary of the dry and wet snow.According to the in situ time series of vertical temperature profile,the time series of water content in snow is obtained based on an evaluation method of snow water content associated with the snow and ice physical parameters.The relationship of snow water content and snow temperature and temporal-spatial distribution of snow water content are presented

Snow water content estimation from measured snow temperature

In this paper,the Polar Mesosphere Summer Echoes(PMSE) are studied with observations of a Digisonde Portable Spunder-4(DPS-4) at Zhongshan Station,Antarctica.It is confirmed that the phenomenon of the PMSE-Es can be identified at MF and HF bands by analyzing the ionospheric E and Es layer's irregular characteristics.There are similarities between Arctic PMSE and Antarctic PMSE-Es in variations of the occurrence rate,such as seasonal variation,diurnal variation and semidiurnal variation,although some discrepancies exist.Finally the discrepancies in diurnal and semidiurnal variations are discussed and could be roughly explained with the distribution of the aurora oval.