利用气象卫星资料研究祁连山区植被和积雪变化

利用1989年和1998年NOAA气象卫星资料，提取植被、积雪等信息，分析了十年来祁连山自然保护区植被空间分布状况及其变化特征，研究了祁连山积雪年变化和1989与1998年年代变化特征，结果表明：祁连山保护区主体部分十年来植被退化严重，且退化植被以灌木林和草为主；祁连山区积雪年变化基本特点是呈双峰形，但不同流域积雪的年变化存在一定差异。1998年各流域旬平均积雪面积均较1989年减小，自西向东减小幅度逐渐增大，党河流域减小2.17%，西营河流域减小10.05%。1998年和1989年春季积雪面积相差不大，但冬季积雪明显少于1989年。由于1998年气温明显偏高，使得山区积雪融化速度加快，1998年积雪面积随时间变化振幅加大。

Study of Changes of Vegetation and Snow Area in Qilian Mountains Using Meteorology Satellite Data

The characters of vegetation spatial distribution and changes in Qilian Mountains are analyzed using NOAA meteorology satellite data in 1989 and 1998. The changing features of snow area in Qilian Mountains are studied using the same data .The results show that the vegetation of the main body of the mountain is degenerating and the major degenerating vegetation are shrubbery and grass. The basic annual changing characteristic for the snow area is double peak style, but there are differences in the changes of the snow area among each river valley. The ten-day averaged snow area in 1998 is lesser than that in 1989. The decrease extent of the snow area is gradually increased from west to east. The snow area decreased 2.17% in Danghe valley (in the west of the mountains) and 10.05% in Xiyinghe valley (in the east of the mountains). The changing features of snow area in 1998 was similar to in 1989 in spring and the snow area in 1998 was obvious lesser than in 1989 in winter. Because the temperature in 1998 is much higher in 1989, the velocity of snow melting in 1998 is faster than in 1989.