黄河口埕岛油田周边海域的生态环境特征及变化趋势

为了了解黄河口埕岛油田周边海域的生态环境特征及变化趋势,采用单因子质量指数法和综合指数法对该油田周边海域海水和沉积物历年跟踪监测结果进行了评价,并对该油田周边海域海洋生物的变化情况进行了分析。结果表明:除2009—2011年无机氮,2011年磷酸盐外,埕岛油田周边海域历年监测水质要素均符合《海水水质标准》中第二类水质标准;历年监测沉积物要素均符合《海洋沉积物质量》中的一类标准。2006—2011年调查海域水质和沉积物油类含量的变化趋势与埕岛油田年产油量具有良好的对应关系。调查海域生物环境状况整体水平有所下降,海洋石油开发对埕岛油田周边海域的海洋环境造成了一定的负面影响。

The eco-environmental characteristics and variation trends around Chengdao Oilfield sea areas in the Yellow River Estuary

In order to find out the eco-environmental characteristics and variation trends around the Chengdao Oilfield sea areas in the Yellow River Estuary, using the methods of single factor index and comprehensive index, the monitoring data of the seawater and sedimentary quality over years were evaluated, and the changes of marine biology around the Chengdao Oilfield sea areas were also analyzed. The results showed that except for inorganic nitrogen in 2009, 2010, 2011, and phosphate in 2011, the water quality of the investigated areas reached the second-class water quality according as The Chinese National Standard of Seawater Quality. The sedimentary quality of the investigated areas reached the first-class sedimental quality according as The Chinese National Standard of Sediment Quality. The oil contents of sea water and sediment in 2006-2011 had a good corresponding relation with the annual oil production of Chengdao Oilfield. Offshore oil development caused a reduction in the total number of phytoplankton and benthic species, and the total density, biomass and community diversity index of benthos also declined. The offshore oil development caused some negative impacts on the environment around Chengdao Oilfield sea areas.