信息技术对企业空间组织的影响——以诺基亚北京星网工业园为例

最近通信技术的进展引发了对经济活动集聚和扩散力量的争论。本文以坐落于北京经济技术开发区的星网工业园为例 ,探讨在新的信息技术下地方企业集群的动力机制。过去几十年中 ,新的信息技术在经济空间变化中起着越来越重要的作用 ,但是它只是一种提供可能或促成发生的介质 ,并不是决定性的。新的信息技术的应用会导致企业的“虚拟集群” ,这是运用信息技术整合和缩短供应链的必然结果 ,但是零部件厂是否选择在地理空间上与整装厂集中在一起还取决于其他因素。在这个过程中 ,时间成本正成为企业空间组织的重要影响因素

The impacts of new information and communication technologies on the spatial organization of firms: a case study of the Xingwang Industrial Park in Beijing

Recent advances in telecommunication technologies initiated debates on the changing centralizing and decentralizing forces of economic activities. Literature reveals that new information and telecommunication technologies (ICTs) have been driving new economic activities into a number of cities and regions with well developed information infrastructures while in these cities and regions new industries tend to disperse as a result of the safe and sufficient communications across distance enabled by new ICTs. This suggests that the application of new ICTs is a strong decentralizing force in firms' location at local scale. It is against such a background that this paper takes the Xingwang Industrial Park located in Beijing Development Area (BDA) as a case to look into the dynamics of local industrial clusters enabled by new ICTs. The authors argue that new ICTs are only an enabling or facilitating agent, but not decisive. The application of new ICTs tends to lead to ”virtual clustering” of firms as this is an essential step of integration of supply chains while whether suppliers choose to locate in proximity to each other and to assemblers depends on a number of other factors.