Carbonaceous materials in the acid residue from the Orgueil carbonaceous chondrite meteorite

Abstract— Insoluble organic matter (IOM) dominates the HF/HCl residue of the Orgueil (CI) carbonaceous chondrite meteorite. The IOM is composed primarily of two C‐rich particle types. The first has a fluffy texture similar to crumpled tissue paper, and the second type occurs as solid or hollow nanospheres. High‐resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) images of the fluffy material show it is poorly ordered, with small, irregularly shaped regions having fringes with 0.34–0.38 nm spacings and locally 0.21 nm cross‐fringes. Nanodiamonds occur in the fluffy material. The rounded C‐rich particles are common in the residue and their HRTEM images show neither fringes nor nanodiamonds. Both types of carbonaceous materials have a high aromatic component, as revealed by electron energy‐loss spectroscopy (EELS), with up to 10 at% substitution by S, N, and O. The average compositions of the fluffy material and nanospheres are C₁₀₀S_1.9N_3.7O_4.9 and C₁₀₀S_2.4N_5.0O_3.9, respectively. The structural and chemical heterogeneity of the carbonaceous materials may represent material from multiple sources.