Weather and Climate Effects of the Tibetan Plateau |
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Authors: | DUAN Anmin WU Guoxiong LIU Yimin MA Yaoming and ZHAO Ping |
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Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085;National Meteorological Information Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100084 |
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Abstract: | Progress in observation experiments and studies concerning the
effects of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) on weather and climate during the last 5
years are reviewed. The mesoscale topography over the TP plays an important
role in generating and enhancing mesoscale disturbances. These disturbances
increase the surface sensible heat (SH) flux over the TP and propagate eastward
to enhance convection and precipitation in the valley of Yangtze River. Some
new evidence from both observations and numerical simulations shows that the
southwesterly flow, which lies on the southeastern flank of the TP, is highly
correlated with the SH of the southeastern TP in seasonal and interannual
variability. The mechanical and thermal forcing of the TP is an important
climatic cause of the spring persistent rains over southeastern China.
Moreover, the thermodynamic processes over the TP can influence the atmospheric
circulation and climate over North America and Europe by stimulating the
large-scale teleconnections such as the Asian-Pacific oscillation and can
affect the atmospheric circulation over the southern Indian Ocean. Estimating
the trend in the atmospheric heat source over the TP shows that, in contrast to
the strong surface and troposphere warming, the SH over the TP has undergone a
significant decreasing trend since the mid-1980s. Despite the fact that {\it in
situ} latent heating presents a weak increasing trend, the springtime
atmospheric heat source over the TP is losing its strength. This gives rise to
reduced precipitation along the southern and eastern slopes of the TP and to
increased rainfall over northeastern India and the Bay of Bengal. |
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Keywords: | Tibetan Plateau observation weather climate |
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