History of the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in the eastern Baltic region and its implications for the origin and immigration routes of the recent northern European wild reindeer populations |
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| Authors: | PIRKKO UKKONEN LEMBI LÕUGAS ILGA ZAGORSKA LIGITA LUK&#;EVICA ERVINS LUK&#;EVICS LINAS DAUGNORA HÖGNE JUNGNER |
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| Institution: | (e-mail: ), Department of Geology, P.O. Box 64, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland;(e-mail: ), Institute of History, Rüütli 6, EE-10130 Tallinn, Estonia;(e-mail: ), Institute of History of Latvia, Akademijas Sg 1, LV-1050 Riga, Latvia;(e-mail: ), Latvian Museum of Natural History, K. Barona Street 4, LV-1050 Riga, Latvia;(e-mail: ), Institute of Geology, University of Latvia, Rainis Boulevard 19, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia;(e-mail: ), Osteological Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Lithuanian Veterinary Academy, Til?es Street 18, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania;(e-mail: ), Dating Laboratory, P. O. Box 64, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland |
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| Abstract: | A total of 45 subfossil reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) antlers and bones - artefacts excluded - have been found over the years in the Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. The relatively high number of specimens suggests a stable residence of the species in the eastern Baltic region. For the first time, 12 of these finds were radiocarbon-dated. The ages of the samples range between 12?085 and 9970 14C yr BP (14?180-11?280 cal. yr BP), and cover the Lateglacial and early Holocene, a time period during which climatic conditions shifted from periglacial to temperate. The dates suggest a rapid colonization of the area during the deglaciation period and a local extinction around the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary. The results of the study do not support the theory that the recent wild reindeer populations of northern Europe had their origin in the Late Weichselian reindeer populations of the eastern Baltic region. |
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