铝硅酸盐矿物成岩演化对形成过渡带气的影响

生油成气的过程不只是简单的有机物之间的转化，而是无机和有机两个系统综合运动的产物，它们之间相互联系相互制约。成岩作用伊始，两系统独立演化，均受成岩环境的制约。一旦环境适合于有机物裂化分解，两系统就共同发挥作用，通过质子的转移而相互作用。由于生物热催化过渡带气埋藏浅、热演化程度不高等特点，铝硅酸盐矿物成岩作用主要表现为:砂质岩以机械压实作用、胶结作用、溶解作用、矿化交代、自生矿物充填作用为主，泥质岩最显著的变化就是矿物的成岩演化，即蒙脱石→伊／蒙混层→伊利石，及蒙脱石→绿／蒙→绿泥石的成岩演化，其实质是有机与无机相互作用，即赋存在粘土中有机质的有机酸使砂质岩发生溶解，和碎屑岩溶解孔隙水中的Ａｌ３＋替代蒙脱石晶层间的Ｓｉ４＋，形成质子酸，对有机质形成过渡带气起着催化作用。

Influences of the Diagenetic Evolution of Aluminosilicate Minerals on the Formation of the Transitional Zone Gas

The formation of oil and gas is not a simple process of the transformation among organic matters. In other words, it is a result of the interaction between organic- inorganic matters which take place at the early diagenetic stage. The essence of this process is the elastic aluminosilicate mineral dissolution and diagenetic evolution of clay minerals during diagenesis in the transitional zone. In general, sandstone undergoes a series of diagenesis including compaction, cementation, dissolution, replacement and formation of authigenic minerals, while mudstone mainly changes its clay mineral composition by way of the M→I/M→I and M→C/M→C transformation which could produce proton acid when organic acid dissolves sandstone and replaces Si4+ in montmorillonite with Al3+ in pore water. The proton acid plays an important role in catalysis for the formation of the transitional zone natural gas.