明代华南农业的自然条件

明代是华南地区开发的重要阶段。从历史地理的角度来看， 明代华南的开发主要表现在农业方面。为了进一步弄清明代华南农业发展的基本面貌， 本文采用宏观和微观相结合的方法， 在收集大量资料的基础上， 研究了明代华南农业的自然条件。通过对明代福建、广东、广西气候状况、地貌特征、水文土壤、动物植物和生态环境的分析， 认为明代华南的自然条件曾发生过一些变化， 并且呈现出两重性的特点。这种特点对明代华南的农业产生过重要的影响。

THE NATURAL CONDITIONS FOR AGRICULTURE IN SOUTH CHINA IN THE MING DYNASTY

A systematic study is made on climate,Landform,hydrology,soil,animals,plants and ecolo gical environment in South China in the Ming Dynasty.The natural conditions for agriculture had two features.On one hand,warm climate,sufficient rain and sunshine,rich water sources, complicated landform and exuberant vegetation were feasible for growing crops and diversified farming.On the other hand,mountainous terrain and frequent disasters adversely affected agricultural development.During the 276 years of the Ming Dynasty,the agricultural natureal conditions in South Cnina experienced a series of changes.In the earlier stage of the Dynasty,the natural conditions were fairly good.However,since midterm of the Ming,the weather was getting cold and more natural disasters occurred.Some human activities also made damages to the ecological environment.All those contributed to the restriction upon the agricultural development in South China.