基于生态通道模型的我国渔业资源生态容量研究进展

随着人类活动对于海洋资源的开发和利用不断深化，许多渔业资源的开发速度已经超过其再生能力的上限，渔业资源衰退趋势愈发显著。因此，渔业资源亟待科学合理的理论指导来保护和利用有限的渔业资源。Ecopath生态通道模型是一种研究生态系统特征与变化的经典模型，除了可用于分析生态系统结构与功能以及评估生态系统的成熟稳定程度外，该模型还可以评估物种的生态容量，为增殖放流活动等渔业资源保护措施提供科学依据，因此被广泛应用于渔业资源生态容量研究。本文综述了Ecopath模型的原理、建立和调试方法，归纳了生态容量的概念以及国内基于生态通道模型评估渔业资源生态容量的进展以及不同水域生态系统下的特征参数对比，最后提出了模型的限制性以及发展前景。本综述重点归纳了不同水域生态系统下的物种生态容量评估研究，旨在为不同生态环境下的增养殖活动提供科学参考。

An review of the ecological carrying capacity of fishery resources in China based on the Ecopath model

With the over-exploitation of Marine resources by human activities, the declining trend of fishery resources is becoming more and more obvious. Therefore, fishery resources urgently need scientific and reasonable theoretical guidance to protect and utilize the limited fishery resources. The Ecopath model is a classical model to study the characteristics and changes of ecosystems. In addition to analyzing the structure and function of ecosystems and evaluating the degree of maturity and stability of ecosystems, the Ecopath model can also evaluate the ecological carrying capacity of species and provide a scientific basis for fishery resource protection measures such as proliferation and release activities. Therefore, it is widely used in the study of the ecological capacity of fishery resources. Reviewed in this paper the concept of ecological carrying capacity and the common methods of ecologicl carrying capacity, domestic research on Ecopath model, the paper briefly summarizes the development history, this paper introduces the principle of the model, build, debug method and using Ecopath model assessment species ecological carrying capacity of the operation method, then the various parameter index model is introduced in detail. In this paper, the application of the Ecopath model in fishery resources research in China was classified and discussed, and the current research progress of ecological capacity of waters based on Ecopath was summarized. The differences and similarities of ecological characteristic parameters among different types of ecosystems were compared, and the limitations and development prospects of the Ecopath model were put forward. This review focused on the assessment of species ecological carrying capacity in different aquatic ecosystems, aiming to provide scientific reference for aquaculture activities in different ecological environments.